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Drugs in this class include:
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- Nifedipine
- Diltiazem
- Verapamil
- Amlodipine
- Felodipine
- Isradapine
- Nicardipene
- Nimodipine
- Bepridil
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The calcium channel blockers are commonly used in the treatment of hypertension, arrhythmia, and angina. Calcium channel blockers block the movement of calcium into smooth muscle cells in vessel walls. Since calcium is required for muscle contraction, the calcium channel blockers cause relaxation and dilatation of arteries. By this mechanism, calcium channel blockers lower the blood pressure. Since these drugs also dilate the coronary arteries, they are also used in the treatment of angina. Some of the calcium channel blockers have a slowing effect on the heart rate and are used in the treatment of arrhythmia. The more common side effects of these drugs include leg swelling, constipation, dizziness, and weakness. Many calcium channel blockers come in an extended release or sustained release preparation ( XL, SR) that is convenient for once a day dosing. These tablets should not be cut in half or crushed, as this would affect the rate of drug release into the bloodstream.
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